Thesis: Both developing and developed countries have to conclude over a strong and confirmed agreement regarding climate change. They have to extract out benefits from their similar agreements (yet to be pledged and implemented) in political, economic and long-term social sectors ; on the contrary, they must pledge to implement their action in four areas: greenhouse gas emission, development and transfer of technology, markets, cost-effectiveness,and mitigation actions.At the same time they must work together in establishing funds and promising commitments among themselves.
PROMOTING SIMILAR AGREEMENTS:
1- Political:
-All developing and developed countries must have more political committment to cutting a targetted amt of emissions by certain deadline.
-They must be willing to sigh a legally binding deal tt forces countries to cut their emissions or risk facing the consequences.(eg. USA-developed and China-developing accounts for 40% of emissions and yet China is very unwilling to subject her country to emission monitoring,while USA set its own emmission cut targets at a very low level.)
2- Economic:
-Both developing and developed countries must be willing to artificially increase the costs of emmissions and usage of coal-based fuel.
- There will be a natural drop in consumption by the general public. The funds collected could be diverted to researches and development of alternate energy resources.
3- Long term social:
-Both developing and developed countries must convince their people that supporting the Copenhagen Accord is of everybody's interests.
-Although developing countries would prioritize alleviating poverty and focus on education for their people, the government should try to convince the people and encourage cleaner fuel as a mean to sustainable growth.
-Whereas for developed countries, ordinary citizens would not want to give up their comfortable lifestyle or pay more for carbon-free energy.
-But it is still the government duty to convince the citizens tt they should help contribute financially to the developing countries to help them cope with the increased in cost for cleaner fuel because rising temperature will ultimately affect everyone.
ADJOURNING DIFFERENCES IN INTERESTS AND ARISING DISPUTES:
1. Reduction of the emission of greenhouse gas by forest from deforestation and forest degradation
- It doesn’t seem to be a problem for the developed countries.
- Due to financial problem, developing countries might face various of problems brought by deforestation as they are losing the natural habitat and the habitants.
- Life may be harmed and demolition might occur due to natural disaster after deforestation and forest degradation are implemented, as there is no natural protection from the forest and soil.
2. Enhancement of action on development and transfer of technology
- An establishment of a Technology Mechanism needs to be carried out to accelerate technology development and transfer in support of action on adaptation and mitigation.
- Developing countries need a lot more of adaptation compared with developed countries.
- In contrast, developing countries are also relatively lacking of technology.
3. Using of markets, enhancement of the cost-effectiveness of, and promotion of mitigation actions
- Especially developed countries, they should put more focus on implementing this process, owing their high emission economies.
- Incentives should be provided to developing countries, especially those with low emitting economies to continue to develop on a low emission pathway to be in line with the above implementation.
4. Establishment of Copenhagen Green Climate Fund
- This establishment is implemented to support projects, programme, policies and other activities in developing countries related to mitigation including REDD-plus, adaptation, capacity-building, technology development and transfer.
- As the process of counteracting climate change costs a lot, it is necessary for developing countries, apparently, to have this form of assistance to implement what both developed and developing countries pledged to do.
5. Money:
- Developed countries have enough funds to shift onto a sustainable development path and cope with inevitable impacts of global warming.
- Developing countries would seek help of developing countries to begin their journey towards the same path.
6. Commitments:
-Developed countries are thorough , idealistic and indisputable with their commiments towards their agreements.
-Developing countries also claim not to back down.
-However, UN officials are still urging developed countries to increase their commitments,and promises,but its unlikely that they are going to negotiate substantially.
-Thus, developing countries find themselves with least support and hence can even fall short of their expectations.
Conclusion:
As a result of the Copenhagen Accord, both developed and developing countries have to meet an agreement within each other from the implementation of fighting climate change. Nonetheless, in most of the case, developing countries would be facing problem in the sense of ability and capability of adaptation, as well as implementation which was pledged to be done in Mexico City. To preserve their futures they need to commit to an international treaty like this.Perhaps, the lack of progress in meeting to their promises has helped the largest criticism emerge out.The world leaders must implement strategies on few areas where failure would certainly cost a lot.Economic cooperation confirms a lot of success. " Without a change of strategy, disaster at Copenhagen will be a disaster of choice, not of necessity." ( David Victor;Plan B for Copenhagen- Nature,342-344; doi:10.1038/461 342a;)
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ReplyDeleteIn conclution, this is a nice struture summary with accurate content.